ALL INFORMATION OF CHANDRAYAAN

 

Chandrayaan-1

Chandrayaan-1, India's first mission to Moon, was launched successfully on October 22, 2008 from SDSC SHAR, Sriharikota. The spacecraft was orbiting around the Moon at a height of 100 km from the lunar surface for chemical, mineralogical and photo-geologic mapping of the Moon. The spacecraft carried 11 scientific instruments built in India, USA, UK, Germany, Sweden and Bulgaria.

After the successful completion of all the major mission objectives, the orbit has been raised to 200 km during May 2009. The satellite made more than 3400 orbits around the moon and the mission was concluded when the communication with the spacecraft was lost on August 29, 2009.

प्रमोचन भार / Launch Mass: 1380 kg

मिशन कालावधि / Mission Life : 2 years

शक्ति / Power: 700 W

प्रमोचक राकेट / Launch Vehicle: PSLV-C11

उपग्रह का प्रकार / Type of Satellite: Science & Exploration

निर्माता / Manufacturer: ISRO

स्‍वामी / Owner: ISRO

अनुप्रयोग / Application: Planetary Observation

कक्षा का प्रकार / Orbit Type: Lunar.

 

mission      Remote Sensing, planetary Since

Weight           1380 kg (Mass at lift off )

Onboard        700 Watts

power  

Stabilization   3- axis Stabilization using reaction wheel and attitude control thrusters,    sun senso fiber gyros and accelerometers for attitude determination.

Payloads          Scientific Payloads from India

(a)    Terrain Mapping camera (TMC)

(b)   Hyper spectral imager (HySl)

(c)    Lunar Laser Ranging Instrument (LLRI)

(d)   High Energy X-ray spectrometer (HEX)

(e)   Moon impact Probe (MIP)

 

                 Scientific Payloads from abroad

(f) Chandrayaan-1 X-ray spectrometer(CIXS)

(g) Near infrared spectrometer (SIR – 2)

(h)   Sub keV Atom Reflection Analyzer (SARA)

(i)  Miniature synthetic Aperature Radar (Mini SAR)

(j) Mon Mineralogy Mapper (M3)

(k) Radiation Dose Monitor (RADOM)     

                  Launch Date   22 October 2008

                   Launch site SDSC, SHAR, Sriharikota

                    Launch     vehicle PSLV – C11

                   Orbit       100km X 100 km:  Lunar Orbit

                    Mission   2 years

CHANDRAYAAN - 2

Chandrayaan-2 mission is a highly complex mission, which represents a significant technological leap compared to the previous missions of ISRO. It comprised an Orbiter, Lander and Rover to explore the unexplored South Pole of the Moon.

After the injection of Chandrayaan-2, a series of maneuvers were carried out to raise its orbit and on August 14, 2019, following Trans Lunar Insertion (TLI) maneuver, the spacecraft escaped from orbiting the earth and followed a path that took it to the vicinity of the Moon. On August 20, 2019, Chandrayaan-2 was successfully inserted into lunar orbit. 

The Orbiter placed in its intended orbit around the Moon will enrich our understanding of the moon’s evolution and mapping of the minerals and water molecules in Polar regions, using its eight state-of-the-art scientific instruments. The Orbiter camera is the highest resolution camera (0.3 m) in any lunar mission so far and will provide high resolution images which will be immensely useful to the global scientific community.

Orbiter

weight

 2,379 kg

Electric Power Generation Capability

 1,000 W

Lander — Vikram

weight

 1,471 kg

Electric Power Generation Capability

 

650 W

Rover — Pragyan

weight

 27 kg

Electric Power Generation Capability

 50 W

 

 

                            Key payloads

Chandrayaan 2 Large Area Soft X-ray Spectrometer

Elemental composition of the moon

Imaging IR spectrometer

Mineralogy mapping and water –ice confirmation

Synthetic Aperture Radar L & S Band

Polar-region mapping and sub-surface water-ice confirmation

Orbiter High Resolution camera

High-resolution topography mapping

Chandra’s Surface Thermo-physical Experiment

Thermal conductivity and temperature gradient

Alpha particle X-ray Spectrometer and Laser Induced Breakdown spectroscope

In-situ elemental analysis and abundance in the vicinity of landing site

  CHANDRAYAAN -3

Chandrayaan-3 is a follow-on mission to Chandrayaan-2 to demonstrate end-to-end capability in safe landing and roving on the lunar surface. It consists of Lander and Rover configuration. It will be launched by LVM3 from SDSC SHAR, Sriharikota. The propulsion module will carry the lander and rover configuration till 100 km lunar orbit. The propulsion module has Spectro-polarimetry of Habitable Planet Earth (SHAPE) payload to study the spectral and Polari metric measurements of Earth from the lunar orbit.

Lander payloads: Chandra’s Surface Thermophysical Experiment (ChaSTE) to measure the thermal conductivity and temperature; Instrument for Lunar Seismic Activity (ILSA) for measuring the seismicity around the landing site; Langmuir Probe (LP) to estimate the plasma density and its variations. A passive Laser Retroreflector Array from NASA is accommodated for lunar laser ranging studies.

Rover payloads: Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) and Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscope (LIBS) for deriving the elemental composition in the vicinity of landing site.

SR No.	Parameter	Specifications
1.	Mission Life (Lander & Rover)	One lunar day (~14 Earth days)
2.	Landing Site (Prime)	4 km x 2.4 km 69.367621 S, 32.348126 E
3.	Science Payloads	Lander: Radio Anatomy of Moon Bound Hypersensitive ionosphere and Atmosphere (RAMBHA) Chandra’s Surface Thermo physical Experiment (ChaSTE) Instrument for Lunar Seismic Activity (ILSA) Laser Retroreflector Array (LRA) Rover: Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer (APXS) Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscope (LIBS) Propulsion Module: Spectro-polarimetry of HAbitable Planet Earth (SHAPE)
4.	Two Module Configuration	Propulsion Module (Carries Lander from launch injection to Lunar orbit) Lander Module (Rover is accommodated inside the Lander)
5.	Mass	Propulsion Module: 2148 kg Lander Module: 1752 kg including Rover of 26 kg Total: 3900 kg
6.	Power generation	Propulsion Module: 758 W Lander Module: 738W, WS with Bias Rover: 50W
7.	Communication	Propulsion Module: Communicates with IDSN Lander Module: Communicates with IDSN and Rover. Chandrayaan-2 Orbiter is also planned for contingency link. Rover: Communicates only with Lander.
8.	Lander Sensors	Laser Inertial Referencing and Accelerometer Package (LIRAP) Ka-Band Altimeter (KaRA) Lander Position Detection Camera (LPDC) LHDAC (Lander Hazard Detection & Avoidance Camera) Laser Altimeter (LASA) Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV) Lander Horizontal Velocity Camera (LHVC) Micro Star sensor Inclinometer & Touchdown sensors
9.	Lander Actuators	Reaction wheels – 4 nos (10 Nms & 0.1 Nm)
10.	Lander Propulsion System	Bi-Propellant Propulsion System (MMH + MON3), 4 nos. of 800 N Throttleable engines & 8 nos. of 58 N; Throttleable Engine Control Electronics
11.	Lander Mechanisms	Lander leg Rover Ramp (Primary & Secondary) Rover ILSA, Rambha & Chaste Payloads Umbilical connector Protection Mechanism, X- Band Antenna
12.	Lander Touchdown specifications	Vertical velocity: ≤ 2 m / sec Horizontal velocity: ≤ 0.5 m / sec Slope: ≤ 12 deg

The objectives of scientific payloads planned on Chandrayaan-3 Lander Module and Rover are provided below:

Sl. No	Lander Payloads	Objectives
1.	Radio Anatomy of Moon Bound Hypersensitive ionosphere and Atmosphere (RAMBHA)	Langmuir probe (LP)	To measure the near surface plasma (ions and electrons) density and its changes with time
2.	Chandra’s Surface Thermo physical Experiment (ChaSTE)	To carry out the measurements of thermal properties of lunar surface near polar region.
3.	Instrument for Lunar Seismic Activity (ILSA)	To measure seismicity around the landing site and delineating the structure of the lunar crust and mantle.
4.	LASER Retroreflector Array (LRA)	It is a passive experiment to understand the dynamics of Moon system.

Sl. No	Rover Payloads	Objectives
1.	LASER Induced Breakdown Spectroscope (LIBS)	Qualitative and quantitative elemental analysis & To derive the chemical Composition and infer mineralogical composition to further our understanding of Lunar-surface.
2.	Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS)	To determine the elemental composition (Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca,Ti, Fe) of Lunar soil and rocks around the lunar landing site.

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ankit blogger August 25, 2023  No comment

Sidhu moosa wala biography

  Sidhu moosa wala biography

sidhu moosa wala (1993-2022) was an Indian rapper, singer, singer, layricist,and model who came into the spotlight after singing the song 'so high'in 2017. he worked mainly in the punjabi music and flim industry. Sidhu Mossa wala wrote the layrics of the song " License" for the punjabi singer 'G wagon'.

subsequently, Sidhu Moosa wala worker as a singer and lyricist in collaboration with the music band Brown boyz and released various songs under Humble Music, a music production company in punjabi. sidhu Moose wala was shot dead in the cillage Jawaharke of Mansa district in Punjab by Unknown assailants on 29 May 2022

Sidhu Moose Wala

• Sidhu Indian artist, lyricist, politician, and actor Moose Wala primarily worked in the Punjabi music industry and was created in Punjab's Musa village on June 11, 1993. The full name of Moosewala was Subhdeep Singh Sidhu. In the Mansa neighborhood, he acquired his early education. He enrolled at the Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College in Ludhiana to enhance his education. He obtained his B.Tech in electrical engineering there in 2016. Rapper Tupac Shakur has affected Moose Wala since he was a little boy.

• In the sixth grade, he developed an interest in hip-hop music. Later, he studied music in Ludhiana with Harvinder Bittu. After receiving his diploma, he moved to Brampton, Canada's Ontario province. He began working as a lyricist for the well-known song "License." Ninja sang the melody. Sidhu Moose Wala began his singing career with "Zee Vegan." After that, he collaborated with Brown Boys on several singles. He also performed a lot of live shows in Canada. In 2018, he returned to India and started working in the Punjabi music sector. debut

• He achieved success worldwide with his song "So High." Later made available, his debut album, "PBX 1," reached number 66 on the Billboard Canadian Albums Chart. Following the album's success, he started self-releasing his music. His song "47" also made it to the U.K. Singles Chart. One of the 50 up-and-coming musicians for the year 2020, according to The Guardian, is Sidhu. In the Punjabi film Yes I Am Student, made by his production company Jatt Life Studios, he made his acting debut. He appeared in movies like Teri Meri Jodi and Gunah in 2019 and 2020, respectively. He has acted in Punjabi movies like Jattan Da Munda Gaun Lagya and Moosa Jatt.

Political Career

• Sidhu Moose formally joined the Congress party on December 3, 2021, in the presence of the state unit president of the Congress party, Navjot Singh Sidhu, and the chief executive, Charanjit Singh Channi. He ran for the Mansa assembly seat in the forthcoming elections, but an AAP candidate beat him.

• He was a proactive leader of the Congress party. Sidhu Moose Wala's name had already been connected to several controversies and received criticism for his songs' support of gun culture and violence. Because of his song "Sanju," he was the subject of an FIR in 2020 for encouraging gun culture and violence. After videos of AK-47 weapons firing at the firing range during the Covid shutdown went viral, the case was brought.

• Sidhu Moose Wala was shown in this song boasting about the legal proceedings against him. Sidhu Moosewala and Karan Aujla were rivals. Through their songs, social media accounts, and live performances, both of them have responded to each other numerous times.

Net Worth

• In terms of Sidhu Moose Wala's overall net worth, it was estimated to be over 31 crores. He was well-known in the Punjabi music community as a singer. He sang a large majority of well-known tunes. Live concerts, movies, and T.V. appearances were his primary sources of income. On YouTube, where he previously made much money by uploading videos, he also has more than 10 million members. He was a top-earning Punjabi singer in the music business.

Personal Life

• Due to his strong affinity to his hamlet, Moosa, Moose Wala used to reside there. His fans traveled to his hamlet daily to greet him when he was alive. His granny and he had a close relationship. He preserved his hair because his father couldn't go due to an accident, which was essential in Sikhism. His grandmother insisted that he do so. Afsana Khan, Gippy Grewal, and Amrit Maan are some artists that claim that Moose Wala's personality was quite different from his tunes. He was a practical person in real life.

• Moose Wala and Karan Aujla engaged in conflict, responding to one another through songs, social media accounts, and live performances. Both musicians have drawn flak for performing songs that exalt violence. According to Elly Mangat, who was both Moose Wala and Aujla's then-colleague, when the video of Moose Wala criticizing Aujla in his song was leaked to Aujla's management, they threatened to beat Moose Wala.

• The argument between the two vocalists began in this manner. Following the encounter, both started pursuing one another on social media. Before Aujla and Moose Wala each released their individual diss singles, "Lafaafe" and "Warning Shot," the feud was temporarily put to rest. In an interview, Aujla said that the song "Lafaafe" was not his creation. He also said nothing about their competition, although he did respect Moose Wala's work.

Controversies and Legal Concerns

• Moose Wala was prosecuted at his death for encouraging gun culture and violence. Two of the accusations involved indecent scenes. In May 2020, two videos of Moose Wala went viral on social media: one displayed him being trained by police officers to use an AK-47, and the other displayed him firing it.

• The six police officers who had assisted him were suspended after the incident. He was charged on May 19 with violating two parts of the Arms Act. To apprehend Moose Wala, the police started conducting raids, but he fled. The Barnala District Court rejected Moose Wala's and five other accused cops' request for anticipatory bail on June 2.

• On June 6, 2020, he was fined by Nabha police for exceeding the allowable level of window tinting in his car. He was released from a lookout because Moose Wala misinformed the officials that he was already out on bail. He joined the police inquiry in July and was given standard bail. He released a song that month called "Sanju," in which he compared himself to actor Sanjay Dutt, who had also been detained under the Arms Act.

• Avneet Sidhu, an Indian competitive shooter, criticized the song and called out Moose Wala for endorsing gun culture. A case was brought against him for releasing the music the following day. Moose Wala claimed in an interview that various news outlets and attorneys were specifically targeting him.

• Acting Career

• Moose Wala made his acting debut with the Punjabi film Yes, I Am Student, produced by his own Jatt Life Studios. The script for the movie was written by Gill Ranta and directed by Tanvir Singh Jagpal. Moose Wala made an appearance in Teri Meri Jodi in 2019. He revealed a new movie, Gunah, for June 2020. He debuted the teaser for his future film, Moosa Jatt, which will be helmed by Tru Makers and star Sweetaj Brar, on August 22, 2021. He confirmed the release date for his latest Amberdeep Singh-produced movie, Jattan Da Munda Gaun Lagya, on August 24, 2021.

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ankit blogger August 22, 2023  No comment

Lord Hanuman Wife

Lord Hanuman Wife, Marriage and their Temple 

The tale of Lord Hanuman ji's marriage and the construction of the Temple of Lord Hanuman's wife. 

(भगवान हनुमान जी के विवाह और भगवान हनुमान की पत्नी के मंदिर के निर्माण की कथा।)

 Lord Hanuman's Wife:

Story of Hanuman's wife and the Marriage of Lord Hanuman

 (हनुमान की पत्नी और भगवान हनुमान के विवाह की कहानी)

Hanuman wed Suvarchala Devi, daughter of the Sun God, and they raised a large family. Despite this, Hanuman did eventually settle down and start a family.

हनुमान ने सूर्य देव की पुत्री सुवर्चला देवी से विवाह किया और उन्होंने एक बड़े परिवार का पालन-पोषण किया। इसके बावजूद, हनुमान अंततः घर बस गए और एक परिवार शुरू किया।

As a Guru Dakshina, Lord Hanuman wed Suvarchala against his will. Lord Son gave orders to Hanuman, the monkey king. Hanuman ji was learning from his master, the Sun God, how to navigate the earth.

गुरु दक्षिणा के रूप में, भगवान हनुमान ने सुवर्चला से उसकी इच्छा के विरुद्ध विवाह किया। भगवान पुत्र ने वानरराज हनुमान को आदेश दिया। हनुमान जी अपने गुरु सूर्य देव से सीख रहे थे कि पृथ्वी पर कैसे चलना है।

Hanuman ji had to accompany Lord Sun's chariot throughout each day's journey since the Sun could not stop. In return, Hanuman ji will learn much from the Lord Sun. Yet even as Hanuman ji proceeded to soak up every last bit of knowledge, a problem arose before the sun one day.

चूँकि सूर्य रुक नहीं सकते थे इसलिए हनुमान जी को प्रत्येक दिन की यात्रा में भगवान सूर्य के रथ के साथ चलना पड़ता था। बदले में, हनुमान जी भगवान सूर्य से बहुत कुछ सीखेंगे। फिर भी जब हनुमान जी ज्ञान के हर टुकड़े को आत्मसात करने के लिए आगे बढ़े, तो एक दिन सूर्य के सामने एक समस्या खड़ी हो गई।

Lord Hanuman Marriage Announcement:

Five of the seven types of knowledge (lore) were taught and transmitted to Hanuman from his teacher (God Sun), while the other two types (lore) were of a character that could only be taught to a married individual. Hanuman ji assured him that he would be given every opportunity to advance his education.

भगवान हनुमान विवाह की घोषणा:

 

सात प्रकार के ज्ञान (विद्या) में से पांच को हनुमान को उनके शिक्षक (भगवान सूर्य) से सिखाया और प्रसारित किया गया था, जबकि अन्य दो प्रकार (विद्या) ऐसे चरित्र के थे जिन्हें केवल एक विवाहित व्यक्ति को ही सिखाया जा सकता था। हनुमान जी ने उन्हें आश्वासन दिया कि उन्हें अपनी शिक्षा को आगे बढ़ाने का हर अवसर दिया जाएगा।

God Sun, has run into trouble. To make matters worse, the Sun God told Hanuman ji that he would no longer be able to further his study until after he got married. The issue became complicated for Lord Hanuman whenhe vowed to be celibate for the remainder of his life. 

भगवान सूर्य संकट में पड़ गए हैं। मामले को और भी बदतर बनाने के लिए, सूर्य देव ने हनुमान जी से कहा कि जब तक उनकी शादी नहीं हो जाती, तब तक वह अपनी पढ़ाई आगे नहीं बढ़ा पाएंगे। भगवान हनुमान के लिए मामला तब जटिल हो गया जब उन्होंने जीवन भर ब्रह्मचारी रहने की शपथ ली।

As Hanuman ji consulted the Sun God, the Sun God suggested that he marry his daughter Suvarchala. Hanuman ji agreed to get married so that he might fulfill the conditions of his vow.

जैसे ही हनुमान जी ने सूर्य देव से परामर्श किया, सूर्य देव ने उन्हें अपनी बेटी सुवर्चला से विवाह करने का सुझाव दिया। हनुमान जी विवाह के लिए राजी हो गये ताकि वे अपनी प्रतिज्ञा की शर्तों को पूरा कर सकें।

What is the story behind Suvarchala, the wife of Lord Hanuman?

(भगवान हनुमान की पत्नी सुवर्चला के पीछे की कहानी क्या है?)

Tapaswini was actually Suvarchala. Surya Dev was getting his extremely religious daughter Suvarchala ready to wed Hanuman ji.

तपस्विनी वास्तव में सुवर्चला थी। सूर्य देव अपनी अत्यंत धार्मिक पुत्री सुवर्चला को हनुमान जी से विवाह के लिए तैयार कर रहे थे।

Suvarchala Devi returned to her temple and began a life of penance after her marriage to Hanuman Ji. This meant that Hanuman ji could finally tie the knot, as the fast of Brahmachari was not broken.

हनुमान जी से विवाह के बाद सुवर्चला देवी अपने मंदिर लौट आईं और तपस्या का जीवन शुरू कर दिया। इसका मतलब यह था कि हनुमान जी अंततः विवाह बंधन में बंध सकते थे, क्योंकि ब्रह्मचारी का व्रत नहीं टूटा था।

The Parashar Samhita also describes Hanuman Ji's wedding. After this, Hanuman ji completed his schooling, and Suvarchala dedicated the remainder of his life to penance. Hanuman ji has opted to remain celibate throughout his life despite the fact that he was offered a marriage alliance.

पाराशर संहिता में भी हनुमान जी के विवाह का वर्णन है। इसके बाद हनुमान जी ने अपनी स्कूली शिक्षा पूरी की और सुवर्चला ने अपना शेष जीवन तपस्या को समर्पित कर दिया। इस तथ्य के बावजूद कि उन्हें विवाह का प्रस्ताव दिया गया था, हनुमान जी ने जीवन भर ब्रह्मचारी रहने का विकल्प चुना है।

 This temple situated in Telangana

यह मंदिर तेलंगाना में स्थित है

Hanuman ji and his wife Survachala are worshiped in Khammam district of Telangana. This old temple built here has been the center of attraction for people for years. Local people celebrate the marriage of Hanuman ji on Jyeshtha Shuddha Dashami. However, this is no less than a surprise for the people living in North India. Because Hanuman ji is considered a child celibate. Let us know what is the secret of their marriage.

तेलंगाना के खम्‍मम जिले में हनुमान जी और उनकी पत्‍नी सुर्वचला की पूजा होती है। यहां पर बना यह पुराना मंदिर सालों से लोगों के आकर्षण का केंद्र रहा है। स्‍थानीय लोग ज्‍येष्‍ठ शुद्ध दशमी को हनुमान जी के विवाह को सेलीब्रेट करते हैं। हालांकि उत्‍तर भारत में रहने वाले लोगों के लिए यह किसी आश्‍चर्य से कम नहीं है। क्‍योंकि हनुमान जी को बाल ब्रह्मचारी माना जाता है। आइए जानते हैं क्‍या है उनकी शादी का राज।

 

Why did the marriage take place?

क्यों हुई थी शादी?

Lord Hanuman considered the Sun God as his guru. Sun God had 9 divine knowledge. Bajrang Bali wanted to acquire the knowledge of all these sciences. Surya Dev gave the knowledge of 5 out of these 9 Vidyas to Hanumanji, but for the remaining 4 Vidyas, a problem arose before Surya. The knowledge of the remaining 4 divine sciences could be given only to those disciples who were married. Hanumanji was a child celibate, due to which Sun God was unable to give him the knowledge of the remaining four sciences. To solve this problem, Surya Dev asked Hanumanji to marry him. At first Hanumanji did not agree to the marriage, but he had to gain knowledge of the remaining 4 Vidyas. For this reason Hanumanji said yes to the marriage.

भगवान हनुमान सूर्य देवता को अपना गुरु मानते थे। सूर्य देव के पास 9 दिव्य विद्याएं थीं। इन सभी विद्याओं का ज्ञान बजरंग बली प्राप्त करना चाहते थे। सूर्य देव ने इन 9 में से 5 विद्याओं का ज्ञान तो हनुमानजी को दे दिया, लेकिन शेष 4 विद्याओं के लिए सूर्य के समक्ष एक संकट खड़ा हो गया। शेष 4 दिव्य विद्याओं का ज्ञान सिर्फ उन्हीं शिष्यों को दिया जा सकता था जो विवाहित हों। हनुमानजी बाल ब्रह्मचारी थे, इस कारण सूर्य देव उन्हें शेष चार विद्याओं का ज्ञान देने में असमर्थ हो गए। इस समस्या के निराकरण के लिए सूर्य देव ने हनुमानजी से विवाह करने की बात कही। पहले तो हनुमानजी विवाह के लिए राजी नहीं हुए, लेकिन उन्हें शेष 4 विद्याओं का ज्ञान पाना ही था। इस कारण हनुमानजी ने विवाह के लिए हां कर दी।

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ankit blogger August 21, 2023  No comment